![]() Populations have become more susceptible to monkeypox as a result of the termination of routine smallpox vaccination, which offered some cross-protection in the past. Gloves and other personal protective clothing and equipment should be worn while taking care of the sick, whether in a health facility or in the home. Contact with sick or dead animals should be avoided, and all foods containing animal meat or parts need to be properly cooked before eating.Ĭlose contact with infected people or contaminated materials should be avoided. Most human monkeypox infections result from a primary animal-to-human transmission. Prevention and control of human monkeypox rely on raising awareness in communities and educating health workers to prevent infection and stop transmission. Various compounds that may be effective against monkeypox virus infection are being developed and tested. Treatment of monkeypox patients is supportive dependent on the symptoms. Methods may not be useful as they do not distinguish between orthopoxviruses. The best diagnostic specimens are directly from the rash – skin, fluid or crusts, or biopsy where feasible. It can be transmitted throughĬontact with bodily fluids, lesions on the skin or on internal mucosal surfaces, such as in the mouth or throat, respiratory droplets and contaminated objects.ĭetection of viral DNA by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) is the preferred laboratory test for monkeypox. ![]() Human-to-human transmission is limited, with the longest documented chain of transmission being 6 generations, meaning that the last person to be infected in this chain was 6 links away from the original sick person. Squirrels, Gambian poached rats, dormice, different species of monkeys and others. Evidence of monkeypox virus infection has been found in animals including Cases are often found close to tropical rainforests where there are animals that carry the virus. ![]() Monkeypox is a zoonosis: a disease that is transmitted from animals to humans. While smallpox was eradicated in 1980, monkeypox continues to occur in countries of central and west Africa. Two distinct clade are identified: the west African clade and the Congo Basin clade, also known as the central African clade. Monkeypox virus is an orthopoxvirus that causes a disease with symptoms similar, but less severe, to smallpox.
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